Section 243: Functions of Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission
Constitution of Zimbabwe
(1) The Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission has the following functions—
(a) to promote awareness of and respect for human rights and freedoms at all levels of
society;
(b) to promote the protection, development and attainment of human rights and freedoms;
(c) to monitor, assess and ensure observance of human rights and freedoms;
(d) to receive and consider complaints from the public and to take such action in regard to
the complaints as it considers appropriate;
(e) to protect the public against abuse of power and maladministration by State and public
institutions and by officers of those institutions;
(f) to investigate the conduct of any authority or person, where it is alleged that any of the
human rights and freedoms set out in the Declaration of Rights has been violated by
that authority or person;
(g) to secure appropriate redress, including recommending the prosecution of offenders,
where human rights or freedoms have been violated;
(h) to direct the Commissioner-General of Police to investigate cases of suspected
criminal violations of human rights or freedoms and to report to the Commission on
the results of any such investigation;
(i) to recommend to Parliament effective measures to promote human rights and
freedoms;
(j) to conduct research into issues relating to human rights and freedoms and social
justice; and
(k) to visit and inspect—
(i) prisons, places of detention, refugee camps and related facilities; and
(ii) places where mentally disordered or intellectually handicapped persons are
detained;
in order to ascertain the conditions under which persons are kept there, and to make
recommendations regarding those conditions to the Minister responsible for
administering the law relating to those places.
(2) The Commissioner-General of Police must comply with any directive given to him or her by the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission under subsection (1)(h).
Key Insight: ZHRC as a Comprehensive Human Rights Guardian
The Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission functions as both a proactive and reactive guardian of human rights. It balances educational and preventive work (promoting awareness) with investigative and enforcement powers (including the authority to direct police investigations). Notably, the Commission has specific oversight of vulnerable populations in detention facilities, and its directives to the Commissioner-General of Police are binding by law, giving it real enforcement capability beyond mere recommendations.